Persentation ( FA -3 ,- 10th std physics ) Verification of ohm's Law

Objective: - To verify the Ohm's law.


Statement of Ohm's Law:


Ohm’s law states that at a constant temperature, current 'I' through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage 'V', across the two points. That is,
                       V = IR
                           where R = constant
                                                                                       
                  Thus, the ratio V : I is a constant. This constant is called as the resistance (R) of the conductor.
GRAPH

After performing experiment for different readings of V & I and recording the observations, if we plot current on the x-axis of a graph and voltage on the y-axis of the graph, we will get a straight-line. The gradient of the straight-line graph is related to the resistance (R) of the conductor.

Related Theory:

Resistance:
•Resistance is the property of a component which restricts the flow of electric current. Energy is used up as the voltage across the component drives the current through it and this energy appears as heat in the component.
•Resistance is measured in ohms, the symbol for ohm is an omega(Ω).

Resistors connected in Series:

When resistors are connected in series their combined resistance is equal to sum of thier the individual resistances. For example if resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series their combined resistance, R, is given by:

R = R1+R2

Resistors connected in Parallel:

When resistors are connected in parallel their combined resistance is less than any of the individual resistances. Equation for the combined resistance R of 2 resistors R1 and R2 connected in parallel is given by:

1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2

Sourse :- www.nrsciencecentre.blogspot.com
© NRSC, Model Prepared by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer

Courtesy:- online Labs

FA-3 project ( 10th std. physics )

Take a battery and measure the potential difference . Make a circuit and measure the potential difference when the battery is connected in the circuit. Is there any difference in potential difference of battery  ?

Let us consider the voltmeter, battery, switch, fuse and Bulb for measuring battery voltage.

Experiment -1.  In this  Diagram only battery is connected to the voltmeter
which  used to determine the voltage (electrical pressure) present at battery as shown in figure below:- 

Experiment- 2.  In this Diagram voltmeter is connected with circuit in which different electrical equipment is connected to tether as shown in figure below:- 

Connecting one lead of the voltmeter to the input side of a bulb and the other lead to earth results in a reading of the voltage present at the Bulb. Voltmeters are mostly used to measure voltages across components. They are connected in parallel with 

the component.

Result :- From the above two experiment we have observed that we measured the voltage from single battery only in 1st experiment while in second experiment we measured the voltage across  the circuit.
In 1st experiment directly we measured the voltage from battery when we measured voltage from circuit we found the less voltage of same battery which is connected with circuit because many loads are connected.

Sourse :- www.nrsciencecentre.blogspot.com

© NRSC, Model Prepared by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer

We and Our Science and Technology in modern age- Engineer Affan Nomani

Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar and Columnist ,
 addressess the students on
" Science and Technology Modern age  "

It is an exciting age of science and technology in which we live. If these great achievement are used properly we can build a world free hunger, oppression disease and privation. But it is a big ' if '.

Our consciences seem to be dulled by crimes and outrages. In the last war the scientific achievement were destroyed into manifestations of horror. It is the violence in our hearts that accounts for great wars. Man himself is the present crisis. He is the greatest danger. 

If we take along view of human evolution we will find that man has grown through tenderness, compassion and endurance and not through anger, greed and passion. 

Engineering Education should undergo significant changes. You must emphasize not merely quantity but quality. People will put up with any amount of frustration If we use well the resources available, material and monetary. We may perhaps have to tighten up administration. 
Inadequate government policy and weak administration impede progress and development as much as lack of capital and inefficient methods of production. 

Building the India of tomorrow, harnessing our water resources, keeping the lines of communication open, building the defences of the country. 
The progress of mankind is dependent on the increasing use of our materials. But nature resources are limited so we need to develop the new technology.

PRESENTATION ( Biology ) :- Presence of starch in leaves

TITLE:-  Presence of starch in leaves
AIM:-  To Show Presence of starch in  leaves.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:- 1. Beaker  2. Test  tube , 3. Bunsen burner. 4. water bath 5. Ethanol  6. Tripod stand 
                                           7.  leaf

PROCEDURE:-  let us consider Beaker , Test  tube ,  Bunsen burner,  water bath ,  Ethanol ,Tripod stand and leaf as shown in figure .

fig:- boiling the leaf in ethanol spirit

fig:- Iodine test

 Let us take a leaf from a plant with soft and thin leaves and well exposed  to sun light.
* boil the leaf in methylated spirit removal of chlorophyll.
*take the leave carefully  from test tube by using a brush.
*spread the leaf in Petridish add few drops of betadine solution on it. Again observe leaf. 

PRECAUTION:-  we have done the experiment carefully.

RESULT:-  As per their activity above we observe that presence of starch in leaf.

© NRSC, Model Prepared by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer

PROJECT ( Biology ):- Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis in the presence of light.

TITLE:-  Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis in the presence of light.

AIM:-  To Show oxygen  is produced during photosynthesis in the presence of light.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:- 1. Beaker  2. Test tube 3. Water  4. Funnel  5. Hydrilla Plant.

PROCEDURE:-  Let us consider 1. Beaker  2. Test tube 3. Water  4. Funnel and  5. Hydrilla Plant as shown in figure below. 

*  place some water plant like hydrilla in a funnel and keep it in a beaker.
* Then pour the water in the beaker.
*  Invert a test tube full of water over the stem of a funnel.
*  place on apparatus in the sun and the other in the dark for at least 2-3 hours. You would seed that in place       of water there is a air that fills in the set up kept in sun . It is actually a gas that will be collected in the test        tube.
*  observe the other set up kept in dark.
*  we found that difference in the amount of gas collected.

PRECAUTION:-  we all group members have done the experiment carefully.

RESULT:-  when we tested the gas in the test tube by interesting a glowing match stick or insence stick which would burst into flames. This shows the presence of oxygen.

© NRSC, Model Prepared  by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer

PROJECT:- Concept of Light and Ray Diagram For Concave Mirror.

Q.No.1. Write a notes on concept of Light with the views of prominent scientists in scientific domain. 

Answer:-  The view of world's prominent scientists on light are different. Someone consider light is a particle while someone consider light is a wave. The debate about whether light consists of waves or particles dates back to the 17th century  Early in the 20th century, Albert Einstein , Niels Bohr, and others exploring the world of quantum mechanics said light behaves as both waves and particles. Later experiments clearly showed this "wave-particle duality," but they were never able to show light as both waves and particles at the same time. The authentic definition of light is that it is a type of energy and Its  a form of electromagnetic radiation of a  wave length which can be detected by the human eye. The study of light, known as optics, is an important research area in modern physics. Light is electromagnetic radiation that is shows properties of both waves and particles .

Research Scholar and columnist Engineer Affan Nomani has written in his article on June 28, 2016 , published in India's national English, Hindi and Urdu newspaper and magazine  that " Abu Ali Muhammed Hasan Ibne Haisam ( 965-1039 BC ) , well known as  Al-Hazen in Europe , was the first Scientist who proved Theology of European Wrong and given wonderful theory that the Light rays comes  from object to the Eye not from Eye to the object.  Al-Hazen was the one of the world's most influential physicist ,
responsible for the development of world's first Microscope.


Q.No.2. When an object placed at centre of curvature

 then where and what kind of image will be form ?


Answer:-  When an object placed at centre of curvature  ( C ) then the image will be formed Real, Inverted  and same that of object at centre of curvature ( C )  only.

Q.No.3. Where will be the image be formed when we 
place an object on the principal axis of a concave mirror at a point between focus and centre of curvature  ? 

Answer:- When an object placed at between focus
 ( F )  and centre of curvature ( C )  then the image will be formed Real, Inverted, Enlarged and beyond the centre  of curvature  ( C ).

Q.No.4  When an object placed at beyond centre of

curvature ( C )  then where and what kind of image 

will be form ?

 
Answer:- When an object placed at beyond the centre of curvature ( C )  then the image will be formed Real, Inverted, and diminished at 
between focus ( F )  and centre of curvature ( C ).

© NRSC, Model Prepared by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer

PRESENTATION:- Reflection of light in concave mirror

                                                                   PRESENTATION  ( F.A. 1 )

TITLE:- Reflection of light in concave mirror

AIM:- To show the image will be form same as that of object in  concave mirror .

MATERIAL REQUIRED:- Concave  mirror  2. Three scale for measuring height of object and image  3. Candle  4. Matchis box  5. Thermocole 6. Pins 7. Chart paper

PROCEDURE:- Let us consider a concave mirror, Three scale for measuring height of object and image , Candle  ,  Matchis box  , Chart paper and  Pins are elements on Thermocole as shown in figure below.

fig :- image is formed same as that of object

                 
Let us consider a concave mirror with two scale are situated vertically and another horizontally with a concave mirror.

Step 1:- when a candle ( object ) of height 6  cm with burning flame of 4 cm placed at between 7 cm to 8 cm at horizontal scale then we observe that same image formed as that of object on concave mirror.

Step 2:- when a candle ( object ) of height 6 cm with burning flame of 4 cm placed at between 5 cm to 6 cm at horizontal scale then we observe that same image formed as that of object on concave mirror.

Step 3:- when a candle ( object ) of height 6 cm with burning flame of 4 cm placed at 0 cm at horizontal scale then we observe that same image formed as that of object on concave mirror.

PRECAUTION:- We done all the experiment step by step carefully with a exact reading.

RESULT:- Hence we observed that image is formed same as that of object in  concave mirror.

© NRSC, Model Prepared by Engineer Affan Nomani, Research Scholar & Writer